Enronizing the Nacchio trial

cliff%20stricklin%20022707.jpgPeter Lattman notes this Jeff Smith/Rocky Mountain News article on Cliff Stricklin, the former Enron Task Force prosecutor who is gearing up as lead prosecutor in the upcoming criminal trial in Denver of Joseph Naccio, the former Qwest CEO. Naccio is charged with several fraud counts alleging that he sold over $100 million of stock during the first five months of 2001 while knowing that the telco’s finances were weakening. Naccio contends that he believed that the company’s finances and prospects were fine, and that his stock sales were simply a diversification strategy that he was pursuing at the behest of his investment advisors.
Although the article describes Stricklin’s goal of keeping the Naccio trial simple, it does note Stricklin’s dubious (and rather complicated) handling of the trial of the first Enron Broadband case, which ended in a crushing prosecution defeat:

In the Enron Broadband case in 2005, Stricklin failed to win convictions against the five former executives on trial. Three were acquitted on some charges, and the jury deadlocked on charges against the other two.
During the trial, the prosecution presented a videotape it said had been shown to stock analysts in 2000 when it hadn’t, a mistake Stricklin apologized for in his closing arguments. Stricklin also had to rebut defense arguments that some of the prosecution witnesses had tailored their testimony out of fear of being charged themselves.

That description soft-pedals Stricklin’s performance in the first Enron Broadband trial, which — as noted earlier here — exemplified the DOJ’s “anything for a conviction” attitude toward businesspeople in the post-stock market bubble era. Stricklin might also remember to be careful about what he asks on re-direct examination of cooperating witnesses during the Naccio trial.

Let’s not be too proud of ourselves

death_penalty%20021807.jpgThe Conglomerate’s Lisa Fairfax notes that the Chinese government has handed a death sentence to a businessman who apparently was running a sort of Ponzi scheme making wine, tea and medical potions from black ants, which are widely believed in China to have medicinal value in the treatment of such ailments as arthritis.
On the other hand, the U.S. government goes after two businessmen who pioneered the enormously valuable risk management of natural gas prices for producers and industrial consumers and prosecutes one to death and sentences the other to an effective life sentence.
Who would have ever imagined that Russian government would look the most reasonable in its sentencing of alleged business wrongdoers?

DOJ Throws in the Towel on Nigerian Barge Case

The Chronicle’s Kristen Hays reports on the news that was bubbling through the Houston legal community on Thursday afternoon — the Department of Justice has decided not to mount an appeal to the U.S. Supreme Court of the Fifth Circuit Court of Appeals’ decision vacating the convictions (see also here) of the four Merrill Lynch executives in the Enron-related travesty known as the Nigerian Barge case.

Although expected, the DOJ’s decision in the Nigerian Barge case reverberates through several other pending Enron-related cases.

The DOJ can retry three of the four former Merrill Lynch executives, but that would be petty by even the DOJ’s standards given the eviscerated nature of the original charges and the fact that each of the defendants has already spent a year of their lives in prison based on a prosecution that was based more on resentment than on true criminal conduct.

The Fifth Circuit’s now final decision in the barge case casts doubt on a substantial number of the charges upon which former Enron CEO Jeff Skilling was convicted, and dispositively blows away over 80% of the case against former Enron Broadband executive Kevin Howard.

In addition, the re-trials of Howard’s former co-defendants from the prosecution disaster that was the first Enron Broadband case are now in various states of disarray, as is the pressured plea deal of former mid-level Enron executive, Chris Calger.

And don’t forget the mess that is the DOJ’s case against the NatWest Three.

And this is the product of what the Wall Street Journal called “a good record overall?”

Look, this carnage is what happens when government is allowed to bastardize charges. In these cases, the prosecution abused the honest services charge that is supposed to pertain to bribery or kickback cases.

In the Enron-related criminal cases, the prosecutors misapplied the honest service charge to merely questionable business transactions in order to transform juror resentment of wealthy businesspeople into politically popular convictions.

The damage to the defendants, their careers and their families that this abuse of power has caused is bad enough. But the carnage to justice and respect for the rule of law is even more ominous. Does anyone really think that they could stand upright in the winds of such abusive governmental power if those winds turned toward them?

The new Prohibition run amok

office%20betting%20pool.jpgI swear, you can’t make this stuff up.
A couple of weeks ago, the government was moving in on Wall Street in connection with its overwrought jihad on internet gambling interests. But now, Radley Balko notes that authorities are racheting down on an even more insidious gambling problem — great-grandmothers who run betting pools on NFL games at the local Elks Lodge!:

A volunteer waitress and a widowed great-grandmother who tends bar at the Lake Elsinore Elks Lodge are due in court later this month after pleading not guilty to misdemeanor charges of operating an illegal gambling operation.
Margaret Hamblin, 73, and 39-year-old Cari Gardner, who donates her time as a waitress at the lodge, face up to one year in jail and a $5,000 fine for allegedly running a $50 football pool at the facility, the Press-Enterprise reported.
The charges stem from a Nov. 20 investigation by state Department of Alcoholic Beverage Control agents into an anonymous tip that lodge members bet on NFL games.
Behind the bar, the armed agents found an envelope with $5 from each of the 10 members taking part in the pool. The person who came closest to guessing the combined score of the Jacksonville Jaguars and the New York Giants was to pocket the contents, according to the Press-Enterprise.
“It was just regular ‘Monday Night Football,’ ” said Hamblin, who has tended bar for 40 years, six of them at the lodge. “We were sitting at the bar, and the gang wanted to do something,” she said, according to the newspaper.
Timothy Clark, who heads the department’s Riverside district, which issued the citations, said football pools “are a violation of the law, and we will take whatever we feel is appropriate action to ensure compliance by our licensees,” the newspaper reported.
Clark said he has recommended a one-year probationary period during which the lodge could host no gambling activities, or it would face a 10-day license suspension, according to the Press-Enterprise.
That means the end of events such as a “50-50” raffle in which proceeds typically go to scholarship funds and local charities for disabled children and veterans, Hamblin told the newspaper.
Hamblin and Gardner, who are represented on a pro bono basis, must return to court Feb. 28 for a preliminary hearing, at which a judge will determine if there are grounds to order them to stand trial.
In the meantime, beverage control officials are reviewing the Elks Lodge license, according to the newspaper.

Feel safer?

Jamie Olis Finally Goes to Bastrop

Jamie Olis, the former Dynegy mid-level executive whose prosecution and sentencing represents one of the most brutal examples of the federal government’s criminalization of business since the bursting of the stock market bubble earlier this decade, has finally received a small measure of relief in the latest stage of his ordeal.

Yesterday, the Bureau of Prisons finally transferred Olis from the downtown Houston Federal Detention Center to the Bastrop, Texas federal prison unit. The Bastrop unit is the original prison that Olis was assigned to when he began serving his sentence almost three years ago and is thankfully the most convenient location for Olis’ family members to visit him.

Olis spent over a year in the Detention Center in Houston — a facility that is meant to house prisoners for only short periods — because of prosecution foot-dragging in regard to his re-sentencing and then a four-month delay in assigning him to a permanent facility after he was re-sentenced. Here’s hoping that Bastrop will be Olis’ final prison destination before his release, probably in late 2009 or early 2010.

Judge Robinson hands Westar’s Wittig another excessive sentence

westar020607.jpgOn the heels of the 10th Circuit’s scathing decision last month setting aside the convictions of former Westar Energy executives David Wittig and Douglas Lake, this Greg Burns/Chicago Tribune article reports that the legal tug-of-war between U.S. District Judge Julie Robinson and the appellate court over her handling of the criminal cases against Wittig continues.
As Burns reports, Judge Robinson re-sentenced Wittig earlier in the week to 24 months in prison on a bank fraud conviction that was not related to the larger prosecution of Wittig and Lake in regard to Westar. Judge Robinson handed down that sentence despite the fact that the 10th Circuit had already struck down two of her previous sentences on that charge, the most recent of which suggested that the sentence on the charge should be a maximum of six months. Wittig has already served over a year in prison.
Beyond his reporting on Wittig and the Westar-related criminal cases, Burns’ article is well worth reading simply for the depth of his analysis of how the prosecutions reflect the questionable nature of the regulation-of-business-through-criminalization policy that the federal government and state actors such as Eliot Spitzer adopted after the bursting of the stock market bubble at the beginning of this decade. As Burns notes, the Westar prosecutions have played more on widespread resentment of wealthy businesspersons than on clear lines of criminal liability. Such analysis is a refreshing change of perspective from what much of the mainstream media serves up about prosecutions of business interests.

Regulating private equity buyouts

moneyrolls.jpgMatthew Bishop over at The Economist.com makes the salient point that the concern over private equity buyouts is getting a bit hysterical:

THE backlash against the private-equity boom is becoming a tad hysterical. Take yesterday’s Financial Times (of February 5th), in which John Gapper issues a ìwake up callî about what he says may be the next big financial scandal, ìmanagement buy-outs of public companies by executives backed by private-equity firms.î
What is the problem, exactly? According to Mr Gapper: ìTo state the obvious, any chief executive who plans to buy the company that he or she leads faces a huge conflict of interest with its shareholders. The job of an executive is to make a company as valuable as possible so that its shares fetch the highest possible price. But any director who bids for a company is eager to pay as little as possible so that he or she can reap the maximum reward in the future.î
Still, Mr Gapper concedes that not every management buyout is ìinherently flawedî. That makes him a moderate compared with another financial writer, Ben Stein, who wants them to be made illegal.
As Mr Stein claimed not long ago in the New York Times, ìmanagement buyouts are great for management. But by every standard I can see, they are yet another sad sign of how our corporate trustees have lost their moral compass. The time for them to stop is long overdue. If the stockholders have hired you and pay your wage to manage their assets, your job is to do that for themónot to buy them out at fire-sale prices and turn around and make billions that rightfully belong to them. The management buyout is a sad and infuriating avatar of a decadent age.î

Whoa, Nellie, says Bishop:

Mr Gapper and Mr Stein talk as though the mere existence of a potential conflict of interest will lead directly to wrongdoing. But one of the great strengths of capitalism is its ability to develop efficient mechanisms to manage conflicts of interest. When a boss considers selling his firm to private equity, the check on him is particularly simple: the shareholders of his firm must approve any sale. In a few recent cases, such as a bid for CableVision, shareholders have considered the offer inadequate and blocked the sale. That is evidence, not of a brewing scandal, but of market forces at work.

Indeed. My anecdotal experience is that a good sign to hold on to one’s pocketbook firmly is when someone tells you that it is better to have fewer bidders competing to purchase something. Indeed, my sense is that a management-led, private equity-financed play for a public company is usually just as likely to spur competing offers for the company as it is an attempt to lowball the public company’s shareholders. When the folks who know the most about a company’s business show that kind of confidence in the value of the company, that sends a strong signal to the market that more value can be made. Such confidence tends to be contagious.

Will Dell Be Saved by the Apple Rule?

It’s been anything but a smooth ride for Austin-based Dell, Inc. since founder Micheal Dell announced that he was stepping aside as CEO almost three years ago.

The saga came full circle this week as the company announced that Dell was replacing his replacement as CEO, Kevin Rollins.

Unfortunately for Dell investors, it’s far from clear that Mr. Dell’s return as CEO will have the same effect on Dell as the return of Steve Jobs had on Apple, Inc. Dell has several serious systemic problems with its business model that will be difficult and expensive to overhaul. Was Jobs prophetic last January?

Meanwhile, a class action shareholder’s lawsuit this week hammered Dell, Mr. Dell and others with allegations of potential criminal wrongdoing. The lawsuit alleges that Dell’s profits were inflated by hundreds of millions of dollars in quarterly rebates from Intel that Dell did not properly account for and disclose (sound familiar?).

The lawsuit contends that Dell was receiving as much as $1 billion a year in what are characterized as “secret and likely illegal” kickbacks by Intel to ensure that Dell would use no other chip supplier.

Of course, as these stories go, all of this was supposedly going on as Dell executives sold billions of dollars in Dell shares. Dell has already disclosed that the U.S. Attorney’s office in New York has undertaken an investigation of its financial reporting, as has the SEC.

Intel paid these “e-Cap payments” — standing for “exception to corporate average pricing” — to induce Dell not to do business with Intel competitor, AMD. Dell spread out the approximately $1 billion a year received in such payments over the four quarters to reduce the company’s cost of goods sold.

The lawsuit alleges that Dell became so dependent upon these payments — knowledge of which was apparently limited to about 15 senior people at Dell — that Intel made the payments near the end of the Dell’s quarters so that the funds would have a “direct, material impact” on Dell’s reported operating and profit margins.

And, oh yes, the company’s stock, which was trading in late 2005 at more than $40 a share, has fallen to $23.52 as of the close of Nasdaq Stock Market trading yesterday.

Gosh, haven’t we seen this syndrome before? Can Dell avoid it’s own Enronesque experience by offering up a few sacrificial lambs?

And will those sacrificial lambs include Mr. Dell? Or will he be exempted from criminal liability by what Larry Ribstein has characterized as “the Apple Rule,” which was not around to save another Texas business visionary who created wealth and jobs on par with Mr. Dell?

Stay tuned.

Update: Don’t miss Larry Ribstein’s comparison of the Apple Rule with the Enron Rule.

Has the BOP Forgotten Jamie Olis?

Earlier this week, Michael Kopper, one of the few true crooks in the Enron affair, traipsed off to a federal prison in west Texas to begin serving the 37 month sentence that he received in return for his testimony that helped place four ex-Merrill Lynch executives in prison for a year in connection with the sordid Nigerian Barge case.

Meanwhile, former Dynegy executive Jamie Olis — whose only “crime” may have been some faulty judgment in doing what his bosses told him to do in attempting to bolster Dynegy’s finances — continues to sit in a dank, cramped jail cell in downtown Houston’s Federal Detention Center awaiting reassignment to a federal prison.

It’s now been over four months since Olis had his absurd original 24-year sentence reduced to a still egregious six years, which is the same length of sentence that Kopper’s boss, Andrew Fastow, is serving.

Olis has now been in the Federal Detention Center — essentially a holding tank for federal prisoners — for going on 14 months since the Fifth Circuit tossed out his 24-year sentence. Olis has now served over 40% of the time that he has been in prison in a jail facility not meant or equipped to hold prisoners serving lengthy sentences.

The Chronicle’s Tom Fowler follows up with this story about Olis’ ordeal, in which a governmental official observes that Olis’ reassignment has been “slowed because of the holidays and the recent spate of bad weather.”

Uh, Olis was re-sentenced over two months before the holidays. And I don’t recall the weather being all that bad over that period.

It’s understandable if Olis and his family are reluctant to request that the federal court examine what on earth is going on at the Bureau of Prisons that it can’t manage to assign Olis to an appropriate federal prison. Hell, the way this ordeal is going, the BOP in response to such a request might just throw away the keys to Olis’ cramped cell.

But the delay in reassigning Olis has now moved well beyond the realm of reason and is beginning to resemble the brutal nature of his original sentence.

Is the BOP simply impervious to such matters?

Judge Gilmore Vacates Kevin Howard’s Conviction

As anticipated, U.S. District Judge Vanessa Gilmore this afternoon vacated the conviction of former Enron Broadband executive Kevin Howard on five counts of conspiracy, wire fraud, and falsifying books and records. Kristen Hays’ Chronicle article on the decision is here and the NY Times story on the decision is here.

Inasmuch as Judge Gilmore vacated Howard’s conviction, the Justice Department could try him again, which would be the third time on the same charges. Don’t bet against the DOJ doing just that.

The Enron Task Force prosecuted the first two cases against Howard in the same manner as the case against the defendants in the now utterly discredited Nigerian Barge case. The Task Force first asserted an unwarranted expansion of a criminal law intended to punish kickbacks and bribes against a businessman-defendant who did no such thing. Then, the Task Force took the case to trial and blatantly appealed to the strong juror resentment against anyone having anything to do with Enron to obtain a popular conviction against a supposedly wealthy businessman.

Shattered lives, families and careers now lie in the wake of this outrage. Who is going to answer for that?